What method is used to eliminate microorganisms from water?

The method of ozonation utilizes ozone gas to effectively eliminate microorganisms from water. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent and can react with a wide range of contaminants, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. When ozone is introduced into water, it breaks down the cell walls of these microorganisms, leading to their destruction.

Ozonation has several advantages, such as leaving no residual chemicals in the water since ozone reverts back to oxygen after its application. Additionally, it can improve the taste and odor of water by removing organic compounds. This method is particularly effective in applications requiring disinfection without the addition of chemical byproducts, making it a preferred option in many advanced water treatment systems.

The other methods, while important in water treatment, do not primarily function to eliminate microorganisms in the same direct and effective manner that ozonation does. For instance, chlorination is designed to disinfect water as well, but it leaves chemical residues in the water. Filtration primarily removes particles and larger contaminants rather than directly targeting microorganisms. Precipitation is used for removing dissolved solids but does not eliminate microbes effectively. Therefore, ozonation stands out as an effective and chemical-free method for disinfection.